Mardi Gras King Cake - Traditional New Orleans

Ingredients
- 1/2 cup warm water (110°-115°)
- 2 packages active dry yeast
- 1/2 cup and 1 teaspoon sugar
- 3 1/2 to 4 1/2 cups of sifted flour
- 1 tsp nutmeg
- 2 tsp salt
- 1 tsp lemon zest
- 1/2 cup warm milk
- 5 egg yolks
- 10 tablespoons of softened butter
- 1 egg slightly beaten with 1 tablespoon milk (egg wash)
- 1 tsp cinnamon
- 1 one inch plastic baby doll (optional and a choking hazard)
- Colored Sugars
- Green, purple and yellow coloring paste
- 12 tbsp sugar
- King Cake Icing
- 2 cups confectioners sugar
- 2 tbsp water
Step-by-Step Instructions
- Directions for the Cake:
- Pour the warm water into a small shallow bowl, and sprinkle the yeast and 2 teaspoons sugar into it. Allow the yeast and sugar to rest for three minutes then mix thoroughly. Set bowl in a warm place, for ten minutes or until yeast bubbles up and mixture almost doubles up in volume.
- Combine 3 1/2 cups of flour, remaining sugar, nutmeg and salt, and sift into a large mixing bowl. Stir in lemon zest. Make a well in the center and pour in the yeast mixture and milk. Add egg yolks and, using a wooden spoon, slowly combine dry ingredients into the yeast/milk mixture. When mixture is smooth, beat in 8 tablespoons butter, 1 tablespoon at a time and continue to beat 2 minutes or until dough can be formed into a medium soft ball.
- Place ball of dough on a lightly floured surface and knead like bread. During this kneading, add up to 1 cup more of flour (1 tablespoon at a time) sprinkled over the dough, as needed. When dough is no longer sticky, knead 10 minutes more until shiny and elastic.
- Using a pastry brush, coat the inside of a large bowl evenly with one tablespoon softened butter. Place dough ball in the bowl and rotate until the entire surface is buttered. Cover bowl with a moderately thick kitchen towel and place in a draft free spot for about 1 1/2 hours, or until the dough doubles in volume.
- Using a pastry brush, coat a large baking sheet with one tablespoon of butter and set aside.
- Remove dough from bowl and place on lightly floured surface. Using your fist, punch dough down with a heavy blow. Sprinkle the cinnamon over the top, pat and shake dough into a cylinder. Twist dough to form a curled cylinder and loop cylinder onto the buttered baking sheet. Pinch the ends together to complete the circle. Cover dough with towel and set it in draft free spot for 45 minutes until the circle of dough doubles in volume.
- Preheat oven to 375 degrees.
- Brush top and sides of cake with the egg wash and bake on middle rack of oven for 25 to 35 minutes until golden brown.
- Remove cake from oven and place on a wire rack to cool. If desired, you can “hide” the plastic baby in the cake. The one who finds the baby in the piece of the cake is responsible for bringing the King Cake to the next Mardi Gras party.
- Directions for Colored sugars:
- Squeeze a dot of green paste in palm of hand. Sprinkle 4 tablespoons sugar over the paste and rub together quickly. Set aside on wax paper and wash hands to remove color. Repeat process for other 2 colors.
- Directions for Icing:
- Combine the confectioners sugar and water until smooth. If icing is too stiff, slowly add more water until spreadable. Spread icing over top of warm cake. Immediately sprinkle the colored sugars in individual rows consisting of about 2 rows of green, purple and yellow. Cake is served in 2" - 3" pieces.
Common Problems and Solutions
Q: Why didn't my dough rise?
A: Make sure your water temperature is between 110-115°F—too hot will kill the yeast, too cold won't activate it. Also check that your yeast isn't expired. The dough needs a warm, draft-free spot to rise properly.
Q: Can I make this ahead?
A: Yes! You can make the dough the night before and let it do its first rise in the refrigerator overnight (6-8 hours). Take it out 30 minutes before shaping to come to room temperature. Once baked and iced, the cake is best eaten within 2-3 days.
Q: My cake is dense and heavy, what went wrong?
A: This usually happens from adding too much flour or not kneading long enough. The dough should be soft and slightly tacky, not dry. Knead for the full 10 minutes after the dough stops being sticky to develop the gluten properly.
Tips and Techniques
Don’t skip the kneading time—this is what gives King Cake its light, bread-like texture. The dough should feel smooth and elastic when it’s ready. If you’re nervous about the plastic baby being a choking hazard, insert it from the bottom after baking, or skip it entirely and just designate a “lucky slice” before serving.
Ingredient Substitutions
- active dry yeast: instant yeast
- egg yolks: whole eggs
- butter: margarine or shortening
Equipment Needed
- Large mixing bowl
- Pastry brush
- Large baking sheet
- Stand mixer with dough hook (optional, but makes kneading easier)
- Wire cooling rack
- Kitchen towels
Historical Context
King Cake season in Louisiana runs from Epiphany (January 6) through Mardi Gras Day. In New Orleans, bakeries start cranking them out by the thousands, and it’s tradition to bring one to every party during Carnival season. The plastic baby tradition is uniquely American—in France and other European countries, they use a bean or porcelain figurine.
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